Where do good strategies come from? What a marvelous question. It's not the birds and the bees, but ask any planner or strategist how they solve problems and you're likely to get a wide range of answers. Perhaps it is the bi-product of the planning process that– like the creative process, it isn't always linear or clear. That simple question jettisoned a thought trail that lead me to examine just how I set out to solve problems for clients.
Commerce & Culture
Let's start our attack of forming a strategy like a funnel, at first thinking in the big wide buckets of Commerce and Culture and then narrowing down. Whiteboards work great here to start organizing and thinking through the two. Understanding the commerce side– the category players and personalities, the product(s) and the competition, the state of the marketplace and the reason to believe for a particular brand or product, is typically the first step. Then it becomes an analysis of culture– the environmental situation (economy, gov't, shifting tastes, technology, etc.), behavioral trends, consumer needs & attitudes, and how consumers are currently interact and behave with your category. Once we understand the two avenues of commerce and culture, we can begin to develop a strategy at the intersection of the two.
Commerce
The first step is always understanding what the business problem we need to solve is. To truly understand the business problem at hand we will need to broadly assess everything from macro factors (the marketplace, competition, category brands, etc.) to micro factors (our clients' specific brand, their product lines and the specific product we're working with, etc.).
Brands all have personalities and sometimes they just need to be given the stage to shine. Even the great Charlie Chaplin, eccentric to be sure, had a special place. His draw was and continues to be unique, and it drew attention. Brands all have the same power inherent in them but we need to dig to unlock their potential to connect with audiences in a unique and relevant way.
Brand personalities and archetypes are oftentimes very influential to how we perceive brands. Understanding and digging into the history of the brand– the heritage and soul of it or what made the founders get it going in the first place, are often pathways to discovering just what makes our brand special. Like the Theory of Relativity, brands and their respective archetypes interact within their category– a category with too many heroes has too much me-too chatter and no real distinction between brands. It's a category ripe for disruption with a newcomer like an Outlaw or Jester. Doing things more authentic than the competition or putting a stake in the ground for a bold philosophy makes our brand different and draws attention. As long as our brand stands for a message or personality that resonates with the audience, we're on the right path.
Understand, every brand we touch as marketers is unique. Digging deep enough to help formulate what makes brands special is a process that requires not only an examination of our brand, but also the category. Category brands, like a college party, contain all kinds of personalities. Put an indy rocker in a room full of hopped up frat boys and he sticks out– but put a hopped up frat boy in a room full of indy rockers and he sticks out. Who are the players in our brand party? What are they like, how do they talk, what do they wear, what do they say? To determine what makes our brand special, we also need to be cognizant of the other players on the field.
And what about our product? Well, why was it created in the first place? What does it help people do? How does it fit in their lives? What makes it unique? What is the reason to believe? Examining all of the above, in relativity to the brand that it lives under and the competitive landscape will start to give us an idea of the commerce side of the equation.
But brands do not exist in a vacuum. They exist in an ocean of culture with constantly changing and shifting tides and tastes. Understanding them is just as critical.
Culture
Brands, though not entirely rigid, exist in a fluid ever-changing cultural environment. Demographic trends, economic factors, the environment itself, government influence, the lifestyles and values of society, and technological factors all demand a thorough investigation. Understanding them requires even more focus and diligence. It requires us to be open to new ways of thinking, new possibilities and new approaches to understanding such a complex and fluid beast.
Consumers would be appalled knowing that some marketers refer to them as targets, and for good reason, it objectifies them– making them a warehouse full of red circles, all startlingly similar and waiting for us to snipe them with a clever tag line. Understand, consumers are complex. Homo Sapien is by design unique and unpredictable. We can begin to contextualize who our audience is by getting to know them better.
Examining the greater environment in which they're currently living is a great start. Digging into what economic factors are playing into current consumer attitudes and behaviors is a big one given our current economic circumstances. Demographics, such as the rapidly evolving home structure with the "Boomerang" phenomenon, can also help yield a greater understanding. Technology– which has drastically exploded and changed how we gather information, interact and communicate with each other, experience entertainment, interact with brands and solve problems, is also a big area to look into. Analyzing the environment also requires an understanding of current events and cultural movements that are occurring. 9/11 and the economy have dramatically shifted how we feel about security– we're a bit uncertain and anxious about our future, and movements like Barack Obama's "Yes We Can" message or the resilience and unrest in groups like Occupy Wall Street personify how our values and attitudes are changing.
Understanding the environment can help us better diagnose changing behavioral trends– and the insights as to why they are occurring. I recently read a fascinating article on how societal values and our housing needs have shifted. Not only are we trending toward a desire for more affordable suburbia homes than the 1990's McMansion dream, but we're designing our homes with our modern needs in mind. With laptop, tablet and smartphone technology liberating us from a tethered experience with a desktop computer, the home office has vanished– in many cases for Boomeranger's or guest bedrooms. We're crafting our homes in more practical and heritage driven ways– designing in ways that elicit feelings of the past, perhaps of better times. Practicality doesn't just live in the aesthetic world; we're shifting toward affordable, methodical remodeling projects, that oftentimes increase the energy efficiency of our homes. A nod not only to our growing concern with the environment, but also of the economic benefits involved. And with the re-emergence of more family members living under one roof (Boomerangs, etc.), we're shifting entry-way laundry rooms into storage closets for us to kick off our shoes and take off our coats. Understanding the greater environment and the cultural trends that are taking place can help us dig into why trends are occurring and project what may happen in the future.
But we'll really need to start drilling down with who our consumer is to develop a sound strategy. This is often the place that requires the most work and a keen eye for digging deep enough to find the root of behaviors and beliefs– the almighty insight.
Going online and seeing what consumers are saying about our brand or category is a cheap and dirty way to start contextualizing who our audience is, what they believe, and how they behave. Facebook groups, twitter, blogs, article comments and message boards all provide relevant, real, unfiltered places to cull information.
Putting ourselves in our consumers' shoes is also a great way to gathering insights. How would or do we go about gathering information in a given category? What would it be like to interact with our brand? Who are the other brands at the party? What do they say to you and why?
Oftentimes it's great to throw our "Target Demo" up on the wall and leave the office– going out and meeting a 3D representation of who our audience is leads to far more insights than a 2D plane of paper filled with age ranges and incomes. This isn't always easy, but it's key to be open to meeting people and hearing different perspectives, even ones we (or the client's Brand Manager) may not like or agree with.
By gathering a broader understanding of our audience we can begin to develop more in depth ways to drill for insights. It also will lend itself to what methodologies we will leverage for our research. Who do we need to talk to? Are focus groups the way to go? Should they be online or in person? One on one or in groups? What do we hope to find out from the research? You'll notice that a hypothesis isn't included. We don't want our judgements to cloud how we formulate or interpret our research. Don't ever start at the end and work backwards. By leveraging and executing the proper kind of research (a litany of blog posts in and of itself) we can properly set sail to digging even deeper into consumer needs, attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors.
The Strategy
When we begin to understand the dynamics of Commerce and Culture; with all of their intricacies and nuances, we can begin to form a strategy. It's important to note, the things outlined should be taken as a bare minimum for how to start strategically solving problems. They're not a comprehensive nor complete prescribed method to solving every problem, but they're a good baseline to start from. Similarly, the insight and strategy often don't come from a single place– they typically come from a broad understanding of how all of the factors overlap and intersect with each other.
Setting the strategy requires an openness to thinking and rethinking our solutions, inviting other opinions and an astute attention to ensuring it makes sense. It requires a keen attention to detail and a curious mind to ensure we're digging deep enough to uncover true valuable insights. It demands an open approach, ensuring we're open to new ways of thinking, being collaborative with our internal teams, and not letting our preconceptions get in the way of the truth. We need to attack problems with an egoless attitude, showing no attachment to one specific idea or strategy without ensuring that it makes sense throughout. Finally, it welcomes a creative process, not always linear- but always with a point of view that is the bi-product of our steadfast research.
It's a wide view on how we can begin to solve problems, and the success of it often is determined by the curiosity, diligence and determination of the planner or strategist involved. If we use a circle saw to cut a hole in a piece of plywood and placing our strategy with a Sharpied "X" in the hole, we've got a lot of blank space in the circle (that could be success) for error. But if we slowly move down to a drill, using smaller and more precise bits as we dig deeper and deeper, our chances for error (and shitty ineffective advertising) drop dramatically.
What is required is the work to get there.